The Ultimate Guide to Planting Zinnias: Tips and Tricks
Planting zinnias is a fun and easy way to bring a burst of color to your cut flower garden. These beautiful flowers come in various colors and sizes so you can choose the perfect zinnia for your garden.
Growing Zinnias from Seed
Zinnias (zinnia elegans) are show-stopping flowering plants and are one of the easiest flowers to grow from seed. They are available in a vast range of single blooms or double blooms, dwarf sizes, tall varieties, and colors.
The zinnia is an extraordinary bloom that brings joy to the garden. Native to Mexico, this stunning flower adds beauty to any garden beds from the beginning of summer to the first hard frost.
These beautiful plants are beloved for their hardiness and diverse range of colors, making them the perfect addition to any garden flower beds.
The zinnia’s bright petals in vibrant shades of yellow, orange, pink, and red bring a cheerful touch to any flower garden. Their long-lasting blooms make them an ideal choice for wonderful cut flowers.
Zinnias are a great choice for both beginner and experienced gardeners alike. With their easy care and long growing season, these cheerful flowers will surely bring a smile to your garden.
Here is my guide on how to grow zinnias from seed and my answer to many frequently asked questions regarding caring for zinnias.
How to Plant Zinnias
Zinnia seeds are one of the easiest to grow in the garden. It is recommended to sow their seeds directly into soil that drains well.
Zinnias are well known for their sensitivity to root disturbance, so planting them directly into the garden will ensure that their root systems are not disturbed, which is important for their growth and development.
When to Plant Zinnia Seeds
Zinnia seeds should be planted in the spring after the danger of the last frost date has passed. A soil temperature of at least 60°F is ideal for germination.
Where to Plant Zinnia Seeds
Zinnia flower seeds should be planted in a sunny spot that is well-draining and protected from strong winds. Zinnias prefer loose, nutrient-rich soil that is kept moist but not soggy.
When planting zinnia seeds outdoors, they should be covered lightly with soil and kept moist until they sprout. Zinnias should be planted in a spot with at least 6 hours of sunlight daily.
How to Plant Zinnia Seeds Outdoors
Start by selecting a sunny, well-draining location that has good soil. Once you have chosen a spot, mix some compost or other organic matter into the soil to help the zinnia seeds get off to a strong start.
When ready to plant, scatter the zinnia seeds over the soil’s surface, then gently press them into the top layer of the soil.
Water the soil lightly right after planting and keep the soil moist (but not saturated) until the seeds germinate. Once they germinate, thin the seedlings so they are spaced appropriately apart, and continue to water them regularly.
How Far Apart to Plant Zinnias
Most common zinnia seeds can be planted 8-10 inches apart within the row and 2 feet between the rows.
Depending on the variety, some seeds may need to be planted up to 24 inches apart, refer to the back of the seed packet for the most accurate information on zinnia spacing.
How Deep to Plant Zinnia Seeds
The seeds should be planted at a depth of 1/4 inch into soil that is well-draining and has organic matter added to it.
This organic material can be compost, peat moss, or even aged manure. It will help give the zinnia seedlings the nutrients they need to grow.
How to Care for Zinnias
Once the zinnia seedling has emerged from the ground, it is important to ensure they receive sufficient water and nutrients to grow.
How Much Water Do Zinnias Need?
Watering zinnias is essential to growing them and ensuring they are healthy plants. They require moist soil to grow, and this is especially true of young plants.
To keep the soil moist, deeply water them at least once a week at the base of the plants, ensuring the water penetrates 6 to 8 inches below the surface. It is important not to overwater as this can cause the plants to be susceptible to fungal disease.
Thinning Zinnia Seedlings
Once the zinnia seedlings have grown to approximately three inches tall, it is important to thin them out. Thinning seedlings should be done so that plants are placed 6 to 18 inches apart depending on the variety of zinnias.
Thinning out zinnia seedlings allows for adequate air circulation between the plants. Good air circulation is vital to keeping the zinnias healthy and reduces the risk of powdery mildew and fungal diseases.
Fertilizing Zinnias
Zinnias are known to be vigorous growers and heavy feeders. So, it is important to fertilize them to promote lush, vibrant blooms.
To ensure an optimal first spring planting, apply a balanced 10-10-10 or 6-6-6- fertilizer. Roughly use one pound of fertilizer per 100 square feet.
Additionally, a second round of fertilization in mid or late summer can help zinnias bloom until fall. Maintaining a consistent fertilization schedule ensures that your zinnias are healthy and look their best.
Pinching Zinnias
Pinching zinnias when they are young is the key to getting the longest stems. Using sharp pruners, snip the top 3 to 4 inches off the plant when it is between 8 to 12 inches tall.
This prompts the plant to produce multiple stems from the point of the cut, leading to more flowers and longer stems. This will help your zinnia plants become more abundant in their flower production.
Deadheading Zinnias
Deadheading zinnia flowers is an easy process. Start by using sharp scissors or garden clippers to remove dead flower heads or spent blooms from the plant.
Cut back the flower’s stem to just above the nearest sets of leaves. This will promote new growth and helps keep the plants healthy, and encourage more zinnia blooms and bushier plants.
Frequently Asked Questions
How to Cut Zinnias
Harvesting your zinnias at the right time for beautiful, long-lasting bouquets is essential. Hold the stem 8 inches below the bloom and shake to know if they are ready. If the stem stays stiff and upright, they are ready to be cut.
Make sure to cut just above a leaf node or bud to promote new growth on the stem. Cut the stems long and strip any foliage before immediately placing them into the water. Zinnias can last 5-7 days in a vase.
How Late Can You Plant Zinnia Seeds
The best time to plant zinnias starts in late April and continues until the beginning of July, you can plant zinnia seeds in succession to ensure a showy display until the first frost of the season.
Are Zinnias Perennials?
Zinnias are generally annuals, meaning they go from seed to flower to seed quickly. Most growing zones will not be suitable for them to be considered perennials, and they will die off after the first frost.
However, asking the question, are zinnias annuals or perennials may get you different answers depending on which USDA hardiness zone you live in.
In the warm zones from 9-11, these flowers may act as perennials and easily self-seed, growing throughout the year.
Do Zinnias Come Back Every Year?
Zinnias are annual plants, and they do not come back every year., They will grow, produce new seeds, and then die off at the end of the year.
Do Zinnias Self Seed?
Yes, zinnias can reseed themselves. If the flowers are allowed to bloom and drop their seeds into the soil, there is a strong possibility that they will sprout come the following season.
How Tall do Zinnias Grow?
Zinnias come in various heights and can grow anywhere from 1 to 4 feet tall and grow in clumps of 1 to 2 feet wide depending on the variety. Dwarf varieties typically grow between 6 and 12 inches, making them ideal for gardeners with limited space.
To ensure your zinnias reach their full potential, plant them in a location that receives plenty of sunlight and give them regular water and fertilizer.
Should I Deadhead Zinnias
Zinnias should be deadheaded. Either cut mature stems to use in fresh bouquets for the home or remove the old blooms after they have faded. Deadheading and regular harvesting are essential to prolong blooming and promote branching.
Do Zinnias Need Full Sun?
Zinnias thrive when they have access to full sun. Ideally, they should receive six or more hours of direct sunlight daily.
However, some afternoon shade is acceptable in warm climates, although this could lead to fewer flowers and increased susceptibility to disease.
How Long do Zinnias Bloom?
Zinnias have a fairly long blooming period. They typically bloom in late spring and bloom until the first frost in fall.
How Long do Zinnias Take to Bloom?
Once zinnia seeds are sown directly into the garden, they bloom in about six to eight weeks.
Should You Soak Zinnia Seeds Before Planting?
Zinnia seeds do not require soaking before planting. They are warm-season annual flowers native to hot climates where the soil is warm, and the sun is hot. Once the seeds are sowed and watered, that is enough to get them to germinate quickly.
When Do You Plant Zinnias?
Zinnias can be planted in early spring after your area’s last expected frost date. In most regions of the United States, this is around Mid-March or early April.
How to Germinate Zinnia Seeds
Transplanting zinnias can be difficult, so it is recommended to plant them outdoors for the zinnia seeds to germinate to their fullest potential. The soil temperature should be at least 60 degrees to ensure the best results.
How Long Do Zinnia Seeds Take to Germinate?
Once planted 1/4 inch deep into the soil, you should see the first zinnia seedlings germinate and begin sprouting within four to seven days.
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With this easy guide on how to grow zinnias, I hope you plan to add them to your cut flower garden.
This post was updated with photos and text on February 1, 2022
This was great. I planted zinnias for the first time this year. They are beginning to flower (although mine look smaller than yours) and I was just wondering what I do now. I didn’t know about cutting the inner top flower off to encourage more outer growth. Doing this today! Hope I didn’t wait to long as they are a little taller than 18". Fingers crossed.
sweetozarklove.wordpress.com
I imagine that they will be fine. It is really hard to mess up with Zinnias.
Thanks so much for sharing these tips. You may already be planning this, but I would love it if you could do a post sometime about how to harvest and store seeds from the blooms for the next season. I love everything you do and your photography is amazing!!!❤️
I do plan on doing that! It is really easy to do! Thanks for your comment.
Sarah
Have you posted on harvesting seeds from Zinnia flowers yet? I deadheaded a few today and am trying to figure out how to save the seeds. Thanks!
There are several youtube posts about how to harvest and store zinnia seeds. I did it last year and have started several varieties inside this year.
Last fall, i got a faded zinnia flower from my friend’s plant. It had gotten far into being all seeds– brown and dry. This spring I sprinkled the individual seeds on some bare soil and by surprise and delight they germinated! They are tall now and seem to be about to bloom.
Zinnias are amazing! They grow so well from seed and have never failed me. I always tell people they are the perfect cut flowers for beginners.
Dear Sarah,
Your posts are always so encouraging to me. Thank you for sharing your lovely home with us. I love simple living too. Just wanted to say you are appreciated.
Thank you! Your sweet words are so much appreciated!
Can I plant them In pots
Absolutely!
I am a first time grower, varieties of Zinnia. My Zinnia’s are great, full bloom, and gorgeous. Although I got worried about having them turn colors on my leaves. I read your article and this help me understand more about Zinnia’s. Thank you for sharing your tips.
I save zinnia seeds every year. I simply dry the dead flower heads (on a screen or colander) until completely dry and then store them in plastic jars (Talenti gelato is my favorite), It is crucial to dry them so they don’t get moldy.
Next year I simply toss them in a circular area and rake the soil around them and keep them moist. The result is a profusion of cut-and-come-again flowers all season long.
PS I am also planting seeds throughout the season, including mid-August, which I have read produces blooms all through the fall. My experience is that they bloom all through the fall when you cut them back. Great bouquets! And I love on ZInnia Street!!
Peggy
After I deadhead my flowers how long do I have to wait to replant those seeds?
Thanks, Carol
I read that pruning the zinnia will provide more bloom . I am going to try this and see what results I see. I enjoyed your article. Thank you for sharing
Hello I am looking for advice. I plan to plant 1 acre of zinnias and have some questions.
I plan to use a herbicide to kill the grass in the 1 ac area. then ,with a tractor, plant the seeds via a no-till method . Is this correct? or is there a better way to plant 1 acre?
I have never planted an area that big, so I am unsure if that would be the best method.
No need to use herbicides!
You can cover grass in rolls of black plastic that market growers use and the grass will naturally die back and turn into compost for the soil, without destroying the bacterial culture with herbicide…then just poke a hole for each seedling/seed…the following year u will have better quality soil and won’t need blk. Plastic/landscaping fabric as much. My dad used to use a blow torch on a very small flame to make perfect planting holes in rows.
Hello,
This is my second year planting Zinnias and I will admit bc of how easy last year went, I was very laxed and basically just shook my seeds all over the areas i was planting using a mix of different zinnias, covered with some soil and proceeded to water. This was about 3 weeks ago and boy do I have plenty of growth coming up. The only issue I see is that some of the areas are very tightly clustered together. Do I just call it a loss and thin out these clusters, or am I able to try to use a soil knife to pull out a patch and replant in other areas?
I also did the same in other areas of my garden with Wild Flower mix in hopes of a meadow type look, and those are in tight clusters as well. I am hoping I did not mess up my garden ( i like to grow from seeds) this late in the season. Any advice? Thanks for a great article.
I would suggest that you thin them out so that they are not in clusters. Sorry, I didn’t see your message much sooner. You could try moving the ones that you pull to another space, but I don’t know how well that will work. I have had some success doing this and then other times, the plants don’t make it.
I love Zinnias and have a lovely bed this year. My question is about leaving the flowers long enough for the pollinators to make maximum use of the blooms. (I’m happy to enjoy them in the garden and not bring many inside.) But I also want to deadhead before it’s too late. Does that make sense? What is your advice?
My suggestion would be to leave them until they start to fade and look bad if that makes sense. It will be noticeable when they begin to fade and at that time, I would deadhead them.
I notice on some of the random leaves of my zinnias there are small holes……is this worm related? Or just how they sometimes grow? They are still quite healthy so just wondering. Love your posts!
That is the work of the little worm that I showed in one of the photos. It seems as though I pick them off and more just keep coming back. They have been really bad this year.